Browse Items (30 total)

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The Zimmerman Telegram, sent from Germany to Mexico during WWI, was intercepted and decoded by the British early 1917. It took them approximately a month to send the decoded message to the U.S. British intelligence decoded the message in Room 40 of…

The Culper Code Book
The Culper Code Book was used during The American Revolutionary War in 1778 by George Washington's Culper Spy Ring. Developed by Ben Tallmadge, it consisted of 763 numerical codes to represent various words, names, and locations. This code book was…

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The Vigenère cipher was created in the 16th-century by French cryptographer Blaise de Vigenère. It was revered as "le chiffre indéchiffrable" or "the unbreakable cipher" for many years after its invention.

It works by concealing the original…

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The M-209 was a cipher machine invented by Boris Hagelin or AB Cryptoteknik at the beginning of WWII. As a pin-and-lug cipher machine, it did not require electricity. During the war, German cryptanalysts called the machine "AM-1" for "American…

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The Playfair Cipher was created in 1854 by Charles Wheatstone, and named after Lord Playfair for promoting its use. Initially, it was rejected by the British Foreign Office for appearing complicated. Later, the military began to use it for being…

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The Enigma was an electromechanical cipher machine used by Germany in WWII. It came in the form of a typewriter and was adopted by the German Army, Air Force, and Navy to secure communications.

In 1939, Alan Turing broke the cipher and developed…

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The Confederate Cipher Disk was used in The American Civil War by the Confederate Army. Created by Francis LaBarre and based on the Vigenère Cipher, it consisted of two brass discs with the alphabet on each. As a mechanical cipher tool, it allowed…

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The ADFGVX cipher was developed by Colonel Fritz Nebel and introduced in March 1918. Germany used it as a field cipher during WWI. It was named the ADFGVX cipher for the letters used to create ciphertext, chosen for their distinctiveness in morse…

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The Giddings Field Message Book was used in 1898 during the Spanish-American War. Designed by Major Howard A. Giddings of the Brigadier Signal Officer Office of the Connecticut National Guard, it composed of a pocket pad with a built in US Army…

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The Data Encryption Standard (DES) is an outdated form of encryption that became vulnerable to brute-force attacks, and was replaced by AES. Developed by IBM in the 1970s, it was used by the U.S. government as their official Federal Information…

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